<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> <meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)"> <style></style> </head> <body lang="EN-US" link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"> <div class="WordSection1"> Moderator Comment:  Just received a request about recovering a password, so it seems to be a good time to review the general information about the list as described in the Welcome Message that you received when you first subscribed. ( I’ll bet not many of you could find your original copy.)  And, yes, unlike a highly secure system, you can recover your password.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Carlton Cross<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> GEYSER LIST WELCOME MESSAGE<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Please give your full name at the end of each of your postings.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> NOTE: Your password, as automatically generated, appears at the end of this message.  Either<o:p></o:p> save it in a convenient place or change it to something you can remember.  Because Mailman<o:p></o:p> does not employ password encryption, you should not use a password for which security is<o:p></o:p> important.  The password will be needed for changing your options, but not for posting a<o:p></o:p> message.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Outline<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 1) How to Subscribe/Unsubscribe, Change Your Password or Recover Your Password<o:p></o:p> 2) How to Post to the Geyser List<o:p></o:p> 3) Possible Publication in the GOSA SPUT<o:p></o:p> 4) Geyser-List Charter<o:p></o:p> 5) Back-Country Warning<o:p></o:p> 6) Commonly Used Abbreviations<o:p></o:p> 7) Glossary of Common Terms<o:p></o:p> 8) Disclaimer<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 1) How to Subscribe/Unsubscribe, Change Your Password or Recover Your Password<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> For all functions, you may visit the Web page<o:p></o:p> https://lists.wallawalla.edu/mailman/listinfo/geysers<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> How to subscribe via email:<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p>      Send an email to geysers-join@lists.wallawalla.edu.  You will receive a return email asking<o:p></o:p> you to confirm your request.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> How to unsubscribe via email:<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p>      Send an email to geysers-leave@lists.wallawalla.edu.  You will receive a return email asking<o:p></o:p> you to confirm your request.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 2) Posting to the Geyser List<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Send submissions to address geysers@lists.wallawalla.edu.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Please end each message to geysers with your full name.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> All postings will be screened by the moderator to guarantee compliance with the Geyser List<o:p></o:p> Charter (see the next section) and, unless there are extenuating circumstances, posted to the<o:p></o:p> group.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 3) Possible Publication in the GOSA SPUT<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> The SPUT (a semi-monthly GOSA publication) Editors reserve the right to publish<o:p></o:p> geyser-activity information in whole, in part or as condensed, unless your posting begins with an<o:p></o:p> explicit denial, such as "Permission for republication is denied."  SPUT Editors will request<o:p></o:p> permission before publishing anything beyond geyser-activity information.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 4) Geyser List Charter<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> This mailing list is a moderated group that deals with any news about geysers and thermal<o:p></o:p> features, anything that affects these features or their surroundings or the people who watch them. <o:p></o:p> It deals primarily with Yellowstone National Park, but submissions about other geyser areas<o:p></o:p> around the world are also encouraged.<o:p></o:p> -----<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Below are listed some, BUT NOT ALL, of the types of submissions that are appropriate to this<o:p></o:p> group.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Submissions about current geyser activity are greatly encouraged.  No piece of information in<o:p></o:p> this area is too small or insignificant.  The accuracy of the report is the responsibility of the<o:p></o:p> person making the report.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Clarifications or corrections of previous posts are greatly encouraged.  It is more important to try<o:p></o:p> to get out correct information than to feel embarrassed about sending out incorrect information<o:p></o:p> previously.  Everyone makes mistakes.  Clarifications and corrections should not be accusatorial<o:p></o:p> in tone.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> News about vandalism or other activities that have a negative affect on the thermal features is<o:p></o:p> greatly encouraged.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> News about Geyser Gazers or actions that will affect them is appropriate.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> News about dangers, such as bear activity near back country thermal features, is appropriate.<o:p></o:p> -----<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Below are listed the types of posts that are not acceptable:  Posts describing how to carry out an<o:p></o:p> illegal activity will not be sent out to the list.  News about an illegal activity that has occurred,<o:p></o:p> such as vandalism of a geyser, are encouraged but a tutorial on how to do it is not allowed.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Attacks against other people (flames) are discouraged and people that engage in such activity will<o:p></o:p> be encouraged to leave the group.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 5) Back-Country Warning<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> I.   Many posts will originate from people experienced in travel to Back-Country geyser basins<o:p></o:p> and thermal areas.  These posts usually will not include specific warnings about potential dangers<o:p></o:p> in these areas which do not have boardwalks or signs.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> II.  Back-Country areas are potentially dangerous and have caused fatal injuries.  New areas<o:p></o:p> should never be entered without knowing the nature of the thermal features or someone who<o:p></o:p> understands the specific precautions.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> III. The most common hazards follow:<o:p></o:p>         a)  Overhangs around pools,<o:p></o:p>        b)  Thin crust completely covering hidden hot pools,<o:p></o:p>         c)  Hot mud with a deceptive crust,<o:p></o:p>         d)  Hot mud with a deceptive mossy crust,<o:p></o:p>         e)  Geysers that erupt in unpredictable directions,<o:p></o:p>         f)  Geysers that have occasional superlative (larger) eruptions unexpectedly,<o:p></o:p>         g)  Unexpectedly hot runoff, and<o:p></o:p>         h)  Areas that have changed since last written about and are far more dangerous than any<o:p></o:p> written material could warn about.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> IV.  Specific advice:<o:p></o:p>         a)  Never approach the edge of a pool without checking for overhangs,<o:p></o:p>         b)  Never stand closer than your height to the edge of something dangerous (so that if you<o:p></o:p> keel over you won't fall in)<o:p></o:p>         c)  Never stand close to a geyser that you do not understand, and<o:p></o:p>         d)  DEFINITELY!! Try to avoid leaving unsightly footprints.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 6) Abbreviations commonly used on the Geyser List<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Here are some of the abbreviations commonly used on the Geyser List and in the Old Faithful<o:p></o:p> logbook.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> First it should be noted that geyser times in Yellowstone are always recorded based upon a<o:p></o:p> twenty-four-hour clock. Thus, a 3:10 PM eruption would be noted as 1510 in the logbook. <o:p></o:p> Notice that the convention is to not include the colon. <o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Now for the abbreviations: <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> YNP - Yellowstone National Park<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> UGB, LGB, NGB, etc - Upper Geyser Basin, Lower Geyser Basin, Norris Geyser Basin....<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> VC - Visitor center (Usually, the Old Faithful Visitor Center) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> ie - in eruption (the geyser was already erupting when first seen.) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> ns - near start (the geyser was already erupting when first seen but the observer knew that the<o:p></o:p> eruption had just started.)  This judgment call must be used infrequently and is defined<o:p></o:p> differently for different geysers- for statistics, these entries are most often treated as ie entries.<o:p></o:p> (Daisy is never ns, but Grotto can be ns when Grotto Fountain is still erupting) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> d - the duration of the eruption. <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> s - seconds <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> m - minutes <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> of - overflow<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> p - pause (often recorded on Great Fountain Geyser. It indicates the time between the "Official"<o:p></o:p> start of the eruption –  the first sustained boil over one meter –  and the start of the bursting play.) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> h - height <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> ~ - approximate <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> I - Interval <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> IBE - Interval Between Eruption Starts<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> ini - Initial eruption of a series (usually noted on a Lion series.) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Ind - indicator (as in Beehive's Indicator) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> VR - visitor's report (Information reported to the visitor center by a person not known to the<o:p></o:p> naturalist on duty.) <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> > - greater than <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> < - less than <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> UNNG (or ung) - (pronounced un-guh) unnamed geyser.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Grand Geyser Legend <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Example - 1434 G3Q D4 - indicates the eruption started at 2:34 PM.  Grand started the eruption<o:p></o:p> before Turban. There were 3 burst in the eruption. At the end of the eruption, Vent and Turban<o:p></o:p> geysers stopped erupting. And finally, the eruption occurred on the fourth Turban eruption after<o:p></o:p> the delay.  Grand brief version:  for example, Grand 1434 (3B) for the number of bursts.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p>      D - delay (Turban interval is over 25 minutes. D0 (D zero) is the notation for the first Turban<o:p></o:p> eruption whose interval is over 25 minutes from the previous.  Subsequent Turban eruptions are<o:p></o:p> noted as D1, D2, etc.)<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p>      N - no Turban delay observed <o:p></o:p>      G - Grand started first (G3 - three bursts)<o:p></o:p>      or <o:p></o:p>      T - Turban started first (T2 - two bursts)<o:p></o:p>      Q - Turban and Vent quit at end of Grand's eruption <o:p> </o:p>      C - Turban and Vent continued <o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 7) Glossary of Terms commonly used on the Geyser List<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> GOSA - The Geyser Observation and Study Association, a nonprofit corporation dedicated to<o:p></o:p> studying, documenting, understanding, preserving, and simply enjoying geysers.  For more<o:p></o:p> information, go to http://www.geyserstudy.org<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> The Sput - The bi-monthly newsletter of GOSA.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Gazer - A geyser aficionado.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Frog - A FRiend Of the Geysers (a GOSA participant.  "Member" is not used because it has a<o:p></o:p> specific legal meaning in the context of a corporation.)<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Tadpoles - Gazer kids.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Afterburst - A burst that occurs after the main part of Grand's eruption (not to be confused with<o:p></o:p> the usual after play) when there has been a long enough time delay.  Noted as a "+1".<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Bathtub - When water in Mastiff rises to near-full and then drops.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Blue Bubble - A rare phenomenon seen in fountain geysers when water domes and bursts,<o:p></o:p> retaining some of its blue color.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Concerted/Dual Eruption - When two geysers erupt simultaneously (in concert).  Dual is usually<o:p></o:p> applied to concerted eruptions of Splendid and Daisy.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Disturbance - The seasonal change in activity at Norris Geyser Basin, characterized by increased<o:p></o:p> activity and muddy water in many of the springs.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Diurnal Cycle - A day/night cycle of a geyser's activity characterized by varying intervals or other<o:p></o:p> change in behavior from day to night.  Plume Geyser exhibited marked diurnal variation a few<o:p></o:p> years ago.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Dormant - When a geyser is not active, it is dormant.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Duration - The period of time from the start of an eruption to the end of that eruption.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Exchange of Function - An energy/water shift from one spring, geyser, or group to another<o:p></o:p> spring, geyser, or group.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> The Flounder - A common pejorative for Great Fountain Geyser.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Adequate Fountain - A less common pejorative for Great Fountain Geyser.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Geyser Hill Wave (GHW) - The cyclic changes in water levels on Geyser Hill that are thought to<o:p></o:p> be related to cyclic changes in geyser intervals.  Some features, notably Little Squirt and Dome<o:p></o:p> Geyser, erupt at the peak of the water levels.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> GIP - Giant Indicator Pool<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> The Hamster - A nickname for the Lower Hamilton Store which is no longer operated by<o:p></o:p> Hamilton Stores.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Hot Period - A period of increased minor activity by a geyser (such as Giant).<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Interval - There are two definitions for Interval in common usage.  The first, often used in general<o:p></o:p> conversations in Yellowstone and on the Geyser List, is "the period of time from the START of<o:p></o:p> one eruption to the START of the next eruption."  Some scientific publications refer to this as<o:p></o:p> IBE, Interval Between Eruptions.  The second, often used in publications and outside<o:p></o:p> Yellowstone (New Zealand for instance) is "the period of time from the END of one eruption to<o:p></o:p> the START of the next eruption."<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Lower Hams - The Hamilton Store (no longer operated by Hamilton Stores) nearest the Upper<o:p></o:p> Geyser Basin.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Major/Minor - For geysers with two types of eruptions distinguished by size and/or duration, the<o:p></o:p> larger is called a major and the smaller is called a minor (Lion, Castle, North Goggles, Knobby,<o:p></o:p> etc.)<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Marathon - A long Grotto eruption (in excess of 8 to 10 hours up to 20 or more hours, usually<o:p></o:p> accompanied by a Spa eruption).<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Pause - A pausing of activity, usually in the minor preplay.  Definitions as pertain to various<o:p></o:p> geysers (Great Ftn., Bijou, Fan).<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Period - A term rarely used meaning the time from the start of one eruption to the start of the<o:p></o:p> next.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Series - An active period wherein the geyser erupts repeatedly.  A series is over when the geyser<o:p></o:p> takes a long break.  Lion Geyser is a good example of a geyser that erupts in series.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> SMax, South Maximum - The time in the GHW when water levels on the south end of geyser<o:p></o:p> hill, especially in Bronze and Silver Springs, are very high and the most likely time for Little<o:p></o:p> Squirt Geyser to erupt.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Steam Phase - The part of an eruption (typically occurring after the water phase) that is mostly<o:p></o:p> steam.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Superburst - An exceptionally large, sustained burst of Great Fountain, usually occurring near the<o:p></o:p> beginning of an eruption.<o:p></o:p> ----------------------<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> 8) Disclaimer<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> This group is not authorized by Yellowstone National Park, The National Park Service or GOSA. <o:p></o:p> The views expressed are those of their authors and not of the organization hosting the list (Walla<o:p></o:p> Walla University).<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </div> </body> </html>