A few more comments on Vault and Giantess: The one year in the last couple of decades when Vault was active independently of Giantess (1998?), Giantess was dormant. Vault would have series every few days, the first starting from a full pool, and the followups from an empty pool, just as during an eruption of Giantess. Vault's stable water level used to be at or near overflow until sometime in the late 90s or early 2000s. Since then, every time I've looked at it, it's been a few inches below overflow. I haven't been around a whole lot for the last eight or nine years, so I have no idea whether it's still the case, or how often it was the case, only that every time I saw it, it was low compared to the 90s. Finally, although Vault doesn't provide any indication of an impending eruption of Giantess, Giantess itself sometimes does. In July of 1993 (I think), someone on Geyser Hill called a bunch of us up to Giantess because it had been having frequent, large boils on the rim closest to the boardwalk. This kind of behavior had been observed in prior years to precede eruptions, and indeed, an hour and a half later, we got to feel thumps. The pre-eruptive boils _dumped_ cascades of water over the edge of the crater, and occurred every few minutes (although they had subsided to the point that a number of us were considering leaving by the time the eruptive boil happened). David Schwarz